Friday, November 29, 2019

Breast Cancer Essays (1563 words) - Molecular Biology, Genetics

Breast Cancer Hereditary breast cancer is a disease caused by mutations on breast cancer suppresser genes (ACCV Pg.17). Mutations allow normal cells to divide abnormally (ACCV Pg.13). Resulting cells divide faster as they do not specialize and form useless lumps of cells called malignant tumours (ACCV Pg.13). Genetic Screening is the process where Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) fragments are analyzed for a specific gene. The purpose is to identify individuals carrying disease causing genes so they can change their life style and also help invent a cure (ACCV Pg.20). This is done by amplifying DNA withdrawn from an individual, then specific gene mutations are targeted using the Electrophoresis process. The two genes, BRCA1 and BRCA2 isolated in 1994 and 1995 respectively are breast cancer suppresser genes (Internet 1). BRCA1 is located on chromosome 17q21 and BRCA2 on 13q(Internet 2). A person that possesses certain mutations to these genes has an increased risk of up to 80-90% in developing breast cancer (Internet 3). The cost of genetic screening ranges among several hundred to several thousand dollars depending on the tests performed and can take several weeks to many months from the initial blood sample (Internet 4). Public acceptance of genetic screening for severe disease causing genes in early childhood is high (New Scientist Pg. 14). Many people argue for less debilitating diseases that discrimination will occur against individuals carrying those genes (New Scientist Pg. 14). In human cells there are 22 pairs of autonomic chromosomes and two sex chromosomes. These chromosomes contain information for protein synthesis. DNA stores this information by a sequence of nucleotides. There are four different nucleotides that construct DNA. They all contain a 5 ring carbon sugar (Deoxyribose), a phosphate molecule and one of four nitrogenous bases. The base names are Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Guanine (G), and Cytosine (C). Adenine is complementary to Thymine and Guanine to Cytosine. The arrangements of a series of nucleotides are genes. Hereditary Breast Cancer is an autosomal dominant disease (Internet 3), meaning only one parent needs to carry the trait expression in the parents offspring. The disease is cause by mutations found on the BRCA1 or 2 tumour suppresser genes (Internet 3). BRCA1 has 24 exons distributed over a genomic region of 81 kilobases long and located on chromosome17q21 (Internet 3) Exon 11 being the largest that codes for 61% of a protein, 1863 amino acids and 5592 nucleotides long (ACCV Pg. 17). The irrelevant information known as introns found on BRCA1 range in size from 403 base pairs to 9.2 kilobases (Internet 3). Over 100 disease-associated mutations have be identified to this gene (Internet 3) 21 of these found in exon 11 (ACCV Pg. 17). These mutations code for a stop signal causing protein truncation (ACCV Pg. 17). BRCA2 has mutations that function the same as BRCA1 (ACCV Pg. 18). BRCA2 has been linked to hereditary breast cancer and increases the risk for male breast cancer. (ACCV Pg. 18). BRCA2 is located on chromosome 13q12(Internet 2). Little additional detail about this gene is available. Testing for BRCA2 is not widely available except within the research laboratory. There are two distinctive stages in protein synthesis of BRCA1, transcription and translation. Transcription is the synthesis of messenger Ribonucleic Acid (mRNA). The enzyme RNA polymerase initiates transcription by separation of DNA strands. RNA nucleotides then bind to their complementary DNA nucleotides of the BRCA1 gene to form a mRNA strand. The mRNA is different to the DNA strand of the BRCA1 gene as Uracil (U) replaces Thymine and is complementary to Adenine. The resulting mRNA strand detaches from the BRCA1 gene before the DNA Ligase enzyme joins the DNA strands together. Splicing of the mRNA occurs to remove introns (Raven 440). The mRNA now only contains exons, that are primary transcripts of the gene. The mRNA strands leave the nucleus through nuclear pores to undergo Translation the second stage of protein synthesis. Translation occurs at the ribosome found in the cytoplasm, where production of the tomour suppresser protein from mRNA occurs. A ribosomal RNA molecule with in the ribosome binds to the "start" sequence of the mRNA strand. The ribosome then moves the mRNA strand through 3 nucleotides adding an amino acid. This process continues until the ribosome encounters a "stop" signal at this point it disengages from the mRNA and releases the completed suppresser protein. Genetic screening can allow testing DNA to determine if an individual carries mutated forms of the BRCA1 gene. DNA collection is the first stage to screen for the BRCA1gene. White blood cells withdrawn from a blood sample contain the needed

Monday, November 25, 2019

Napoleon the Great Essays

Napoleon the Great Essays Napoleon the Great Essay Napoleon the Great Essay On August 15, 1769, a man by the name of Napoleon Bonaparte was the second of eight children born to Carlo Bonaparte and Maria Letizia Ramolino. Napoleon was born into Italian nobility in Ajaccio, Corsica, which one year before transferred its power to France by the Republic of Genoa. While such a birth might be so miniscule to so many during that age of time, the infant, known as Napoleon Bonaparte, would grow to be one of the most feared men and successful military leaders in all of Europe and shape European politics for the better part of the early 19th century. Growing up Napoleon and his family maintained minor Italian Nobility, with his father being an attorney and named Corsica’s representative to the Court of Louis XVI in 1777. His mother though, was the major influence during his childhood; she was able to maintain firm discipline allowing for her to restrain her rambunctious child. This strict upbringing and the nobility of his family provided Napoleon with bigger and better opportunities to study compared to the opportunities of the average Corsican of that time. Due to his family’s ability to provide him with a better education in 1779 Napoleon was enrolled in a religious school in Autun, located in the mainland of France. Later that year Napoleon was admitted to a military academy at Brienne-le-Chateau. During his time at the military academy Napoleon still spoke with a Corsican accent and he never learned to spell properly. This caused many of the kids to tease him and as a direct result the young Napoleon turned to studying and becoming the best student he could be. This willingness to be a good student caused an observer to comment that Napoleon has always been distinguished for his application in mathematics. He is fairly well acquainted with history and geography This boy would make an excellent sailor. Following the completion of his studies at Brienne in 1784 Napoleon was admitted to the elite Ecole Militaire, in Paris. This quickly brought an end to his naval ambitions, which had led to his consideration of joining the British Royal Navy. With his change in direction in life, Napoleon trained to become an artillery officer, and following his father’s death, and his loss of finance, Napoleon was forced to complete a two year course in just one year. Following the completion of his artillery officer training and his graduation from the elite military school, Napoleon was commissioned as a second lieutenant in the La Fere artillery regiment. Once he was commissioned as a lieutenant, Bonaparte served on garrison duty in Valence, Drome, and Auxonne, until after the outbreak of the French Revolution in 1789. At the same time though Napoleon took nearly two years of leave in Corsica and Paris. Following the outbreak of the French Revolution and his departure from his position as lieutenant, Bonaparte became somewhat of a Corsican nationalist and wrote the Corsican leader in 1789. Napoleon stated, As the nation was perishing I was born. Thirty thousand Frenchmen were vomited on to our shores, drowning the throne of liberty in waves of blood. Such was the odious sight which was the first to strike me. The early parts of the French Revolution, and the Revolution in Corsica, Napoleon spent his time fighting a complex struggle, between revolutionaries, Corsican nationalists, and royalists. Bonaparte took the side of the Jacobin faction of revolutionaries and was able to gain the rank of Lieutenant Colonel and command a group of volunteer fighters. After exceeding his leave of absence from the French army and leading a riot against a French Army in Corsica, Bonaparte was able to convince French military authorities in Paris to promote him to Captain in 1792. With his newly gained leadership role Napoleon returned to Corsica where he came into conflict with the Corsican leader, Paoli, who had decided to split with France and sabotage a French assault on the Sardinian island of La Maddalena, where Bonaparte was one of the expedition leaders. This split with Paoli caused Napoleon and his family to flee the French mainland in June of 1793. In July 1793, Napoleon was able to publish a pro-republican pamphlet, titled and translated into Supper at BeaucaireII. This pamphlet gained him the admiration and support of Augustin Robespierre, who was the younger brother of the revolutionary leader Maximilien Robespierre. With the help of fellow Corsican Antoine Christophe Saliceti, Bonaparte was appointed artillery commander of the republican forces at the siege of Toulon. The city had risen against the republican government and was occupied by British troops. During the siege of Toulon Napoleon adopted a plan to capture a hill that would allow him and hi republican guns to dominate the city’s harbor and force the British ships to evacuate. Although Bonaparte was wounded during this small battle, he still came out victorious and was promoted to Brigadier General. His actions during the siege of Toulon also brought him to the attention of the Committee of Public Safety and he was given command of the artillery arm of Frances Army of Italy. Following his promotion Napoleon became engaged to Desiree Clary, whose sister, Julie Clary, married Bonapartes elder brother Joseph in 1794. The Clarys were a wealthy merchant family from Marseilles. Shortly after his engagement to Ms. Clary, the Robespierres fell in July of 1794. As a result Bonaparte was put under house arrest in August 1794 for his association with the brothers; however, he was released after only ten days, but he still remained out of favor. Due to his house arrest Bonaparte was assigned to the Army of the West, in 1795, as an infantry commander in the War in the Vendee. To him this was a demotion and to avoid this posting he pleaded poor health. He was moved to the Bureau of Topography of the Committee of Public Safety and sought, unsuccessfully, to be transferred to Constantinople in order to offer his services to the Sultan. Finally on Sept. 15 Bonaparte was removed from the list of generals in regular service, with the reason given being his refusal to serve in the Vendee campaign. He now faced a difficult financial situation and further reduced career prospects. On Oct. 3, royalists in Paris declared a rebellion against the National Convention after they were excluded from a new government. One of the leaders of the Thermidorian Reaction, Paul Barras, knew of Bonapartes military tactics at Toulon and gave him full command of the forces in the defense of the Convention in the Tuileries Palace. Bonaparte had witnessed the massacre of the Kings Swiss Guard there three years earlier and realized artillery would be the key to its defense. So Napoleon ordered a young cavalry officer, Joachim Murat, to seize large cannons and used them to repel the attackers in October of 1795. As a result 1,400 royalists died and the rest fled. He had cleared the streets with a whiff of grapeshot, according to the 19th-century historian Thomas Carlyle in The French Revolution: a History. Napoleon’s defeat of the Royalists helped the convention steer clear of any threats and shot Bonaparte into instant fame, wealth, and patronage. Once again Napoleon was promoted to Commander of the Interior and given command of the Army of Italy. After being promoted he broke off his engagement with Desiree Clary, and on March 9, 1795 he married Josephine de Beauharnais. With his just broken off engagement and then sudden wedding Bonaparte left Paris to take command of the Army of Italy and led them to the successful invasion of Italy. At the Battle of Lodi he defeated Austrian forces, and then drove them out of Lombardy. He was defeated at Caldiero by Austrian einforcements, led by Jozsef Alvinczi, though Bonaparte regained the initiative at the crucial Battle of the Bridge of Arcole and proceeded to subdue the Papal States. After going against the wishes of the Directory of invading Rome Napoleon, in March 1797, led his army into Austria and forced it to negotiate peace. Napoleon was able to create the Treaty of Leoben, which gave France control of most of northern Italy and the Low Countries and a secret clause promised th e Republic of Venice to Austria. Bonaparte marched on Venice and forced its surrender, ending 1,100  years of independence; he also authorized the French to loot treasures such as the Horses of Saint Mark. The reason for Napoleon becoming successful as a general and military leader was because of his use of conventional military tactics and his new and creative uses for them. He referred to his tactics thus: I have fought sixty battles and I have learned nothing which I did not know at the beginning. Look at Caesar; he fought the first like the last. At the same time of these â€Å"expeditions† Napoleon continued to increase his influence in French politics. His next hope for conquest of England but following a couple of months of planning, Napoleon realized that the French Navy was not up to par to compete and battle the British Royal Navy. So he set his sights on Egypt. He believed that by conquering Egypt he and the French government would be able to cut off and undermine Britain’s access to the t rade markets in India. Napoleon also hoped by conquering Egypt he and the French could gain allies that would help fight against the English. The Directory, though troubled by the scope and cost of the enterprise, agreed with Bonaparte’s plan so the popular general would be absent from the centre of power. Finally Napoleon and his forces began their quest and were able to create strong military placements in places such as Malta. After successful defeats in the Battle of Chobrakit, Napoleon gained and alliance with the Mamluks who would help them prepare for the Battle of the Pyramids. In the End, even though being heavily outnumbered Napoleon and his forces were able to defeat the Egyptians. After facing a couple of his own defeats and the loss of many of his men due to sickness, Napoleon found it best to retreat back to Egypt, but at the same time he was still able to defeat some the Ottoman’s attacks. While he was in Egypt, Napoleon was kept up to date with European affairs. During this time he learned France had suffered a series of defeats in the War of the Second Coalition. On Aug. 24, 1799, he took advantage of the temporary departure of British ships from French coastal ports and set sail for France, despite the fact he had received no explicit orders from Paris. Unknown to Bonaparte, the Directory had sent him orders to return to ward off possible invasions of French soil but poor lines of communication meant the messages had failed to reach him. By the time he reached Paris in October, Frances situation had been improved by a series of victories. The Republic was bankrupt, however, and the ineffective Directory was unpopular with the French population. The Directory discussed Bonapartes desertion but was too weak to punish him. After arriving and seeing the situation had improved, but people unhappy with the French Directory, Emmanuel Joseph Sieyes, a director, approached Napoleon about overthrowing the French government. With his ego already inflated Napoleon agreed to help with the coupe and in the end became one of the provisional Consuls of the government. Though Sieyes expected to dominate the new regime, he was outmaneuvered by Bonaparte, who drafted the Constitution of the Year VIII and secured his own election as First Consul. This made Bonaparte the most powerful person in France and he took up residence at the Tuileries. In 1801, after years of war the British and the French were tired of fighting. So as a result they signed the Treaty of Amiens. However neither country completely complied with everything agreed upon in the treaty. In the beginning of his rule Napoleon instituted many lasting reforms. These reforms included centralized administration off the government’s departments, higher education, a tax code, road and sewer systems a central bank for the country. In May 1802, he instituted the Legion dHonneur, a substitute for the old royalist decorations and orders of chivalry, to encourage civilian and military achievements; the order is still the highest decoration in France. Following his implementation of his reforms, Napoleons powers were increased by the Constitution of the Year X. Once he gained more power Napoleon also implemented his own set of civil codes, they would later become known as the Napoleonic Code. He hoped this would establish order within France and establish him as the absolute ruler. With his newly acquired power and political position, Napoleon began to face opposition from his rivals. Napoleon faced royalist and Jacobin plots as Frances ruler, including the Daggers conspiracy in October 1800 and the Plot of the Rue Saint-Nicaise two months later. With his enemies wanting him dead and Napoleon evading all such attempts, Bonaparte suggested re-creating a hereditary monarchy and naming himself as the emperor. Finally in December of 1804, after years of leading the French to many military victories, Napoleon Bonaparte crowned himself as the Emperor of France. After obtaining the full power of the French government and the people of France, Napoleon, heading into 1805, faced an uphill battle to continue to grow and build his empire. His first test came when Great Britain convinced Russia and Austria to join them in a Third Coalition to bring down France. This would be known as the War of the Third Coalition. Napoleon believed he would be able to lure the British Navy from the English Channel and invade England. However, Napoleon and his forces were unsuccessful in their attempt to invade England and realized this would most likely never be a realistic option. After realizing his failure, Napoleon decided to secretly march to Germany, also known as the Ulm Campaign, and would be a major turning point for the new French Empire. While he marched into Germany and was able to stop an Austrian attack, Napoleon and his army was defeated at the Battle of Trafalgar, which gave the British more control over the seas. Although they were defeated by the British Napoleon was able to keep his army strong and they came back and defeated the Austrians and the Russians at Austerlitz. Napoleon would go on to say, The battle of Austerlitz is the finest of all I have fought. With enemies mounting Napoleon realized he needed help to grow his empire, so he turned to Middle-Eastern powers. Beginning in 1803, Napoleon went to considerable lengths to try to convince the Ottoman Empire to fight against Russia in the Balkans and join his anti-Russian coalition. Napoleon sent General Horace Sebastiani as envoy extraordinary, promising to help the Ottoman Empire recover lost territories. In February 1806, following Napoleons victory at Austerlitz and the ensuing dismemberment of the Habsburg Empire, the Ottoman Emperor Selim III finally recognized Napoleon as Emperor, formally opting for an alliance with France our sincere and natural ally, and war with Russia and England. A Franco-Persian alliance was also formed between 1807 and 1809, but would later fall apart. Finally after receiving some help from Middle-Eastern powers Napoleon had to face the formation of the fourth Coalition in 1806. Napoleon defeated Prussia at the Battle of Jena-Auerstedt in October of 1806. Napoleon marched on against advancing Russian armies through Poland, and was involved in the bloody stalemate of the Battle of Eylau on Feb. 6, 1807. Following these decisive victories Napoleon signed treaties with Tsar Alexander I of Russia, which divided Europe between the two powers, and Prussia, giving France nearly half of Prussia’s territory. In 1809 Napoleon faced yet another coalition after a brief alliance with Austria fell apart. This became known as the War of the Fifth Coalition, with Austria and Great Britain joining forces. Napoleon had to take command of French forces when they tried to overtake the Danube River, but Austria was able to defeat the Napoleon advance. However, Austria did not take advantage of their victory and Napoleon and his forces were able to regroup, and Napoleon defeated the Austrians again at Wagram and a new peace, the Treaty of Schonbrunn, was signed between Austria and France. While Austria was being defeated, Britain decided to attempt and opens another front in mainland Europe. Napoleon though, was able to rush reinforcements to Antwerp, owing to Britains inadequately organized Walcheren Campaign. With the War of the Fifth Coalition Napoleon and France were riding high, they had control of most of Europe and tensions with Russia were very good due to the peace they both observed. By 1811 though, those tensions hit a rocky road and the alliance the two Western powers shared began to deteriorate quickly. The first clear sign the alliance had deteriorated was the relaxation of the Continental System in Russia, which angered Napoleon. After talks of both countries invading one another, France began preparations on making those talks come to life. Finally on in June of 1812, against the advice of invading the large nation, Napoleon invaded Russia. Once he began his attack on Russia, Napoleon hoped to gain the support from Polish nationalists and patriots, but Napoleon did not come to the terms Poland had wanted; so Napoleon and his French empire was forced to face Russia on their own. For the most part of the French invasion, Russia was able to avoid direct battle, and each time they would move further into the heartland of Russia. Also Russia as they retreated further into their heartland, they would burn and destroy everything they left. This caused problems for France because they found it increasingly difficult to get food for them and their horses. Finally in September of 1812, Russia battled the French close to Moscow. This was known as the Battle of Borodino and resulted in approximately 44,000 Russian and 35,000 French, dead, wounded or captured, and may have been the bloodiest day of battle in history up to that point in time. Although the French appeared to have won the war, Napoleon realized he had a major problem on his hands, with the fact the Russians were not completely destroyed and ready to fight again. Napoleons own account was: The most terrible of all my battles was the one before Moscow. The French showed themselves to be worthy of victory, but the Russians showed themselves worthy of being invincible. Even with Napoleon worried with the resilience of the Russians Napoleon forged forward and the Russian forces retreated past Moscow. Now that Napoleon gained control of Moscow he ordered it to be burned, but with growing fears of him losing control back in France, Napoleon left Moscow with his army and returned to France. On his return to France, Napoleon and his forces took a break in fighting during the winter of 1812 and 1813, and he was able to rebuild his forces back up with a field of 350,000 troops. Although France and Napoleon were able to rebuild their army, countries including: Russia, Prussia, Portugal, Spain, Great Britain, Austria, and Sweden joined forces and created the Sixth Coalition. Napoleon took command of his forces in Germany and he was able to inflict a few defeats on the newly formed coalition, which culminated in the Battle of Dresden in August of 1813. Although Napoleon and France were successful, the numbers continued to mount against him, and his army was pinned down by a force twice its size and lost at the Battle of Leipzig. This was by far the largest battle of the Napoleonic Wars and cost more than 90,000 casualties in total. After these major defeats, Napoleon withdrew back into France, and his army was reduced to 70,000 soldiers and 40,000 stragglers, against more than three times as many Allied troops. The French were surrounded: the British army pressed from the south, and other Coalition forces positioned to attack France from the German states. Napoleon won a series of victories in the Six Days Campaign, though these were not significant enough to turn the tide and Paris was captured by the Coalition in March 1814. As a last resort Napoleon proposed the Army march on the Capital and take it back, but his marshals and generals had other ideas; their idea was to mutiny against one of the most powerful and successful leaders of all time. When he was confronted by his generals, Napoleon stated the army would follow him, but his generals replied back the army would follow its generals. The result of this rebellion was Napoleon abdicating his throne and his title as emperor. Although Napoleon tried to abdicate his throne to his son, the allies refused to allow this to happen on April 11, 1814, Napoleon was unconditionally abdicated. Napoleon, once abdicated, was exiled to Elba, a small Mediterranean Island off the coast of Tuscan. While there he retained the title of emperor and was given control of the island. In the first few months on Elba he created a small navy and army, developed the iron mines, and issued decrees on modern agricultural methods. With his wife in Austria and under their control, and with rumors of him being moved to a remote island in the Atlantic Ocean, Napoleon left Elba in February of 1815. Two days later he landed at Golfe-Juan on the French mainland. The French government learned of his whereabouts and sent a force to intercept him, but in their process of intercepting him, Napoleon gave them a chance to kill him; instead the force sent to retrieve him joined him. The soldiers followed him to Paris where Louis XVIII fled. In March of that same year, the powers at the Congress of Vienna declared Napoleon an outlaw and four days later Great Britain, the Netherlands, Russia, Austria and Prussia bound themselves to put 150,000 men into the field to end his rule. Once he was in Paris Napoleon governed for what would be known as, the Hundred Days. With his army growing he felt he could go on the offense; so he began attacking British and Prussian armies. In June of 1815 Napoleon took on allied forces in the Battle of Waterloo. The allied forces were able to withstand many repeated attacks by Napoleon and his forces, and after finally breaking through Napoleon’s army, coalition forces restored Louis XVIII as the leader of France. Off the port of Rochefort, Charente-Maritime, after consideration of an escape to the United States, Napoleon formally demanded political asylum from the British Captain Frederick Maitland on HMS  Bellerophon in July of 1815. Napoleon’s final attempt at gaining his throne back landed him on a tiny island in the Atlantic Ocean, called Saint Helena. During his time on the small island, Napoleon found it difficult to live. He faced many hardships while on Saint Helena and found it very frustrating. Many historians found that the conditions and treatments he was placed in and shown by those who sent him into exile were poor and degrading. Finally after nearly six years of being in exile on Saint Helena, Napoleon died. Napoleon fell ill in February of 1821, and his health deteriorated quickly. In two British physicians arrived on Saint Helena to attend to him where they where they saw all they could do for him was recommend palliatives. A couple of days after the physicians’ arrival, Napoleon Bonaparte died; after confession, Extreme Unction and Viaticum in the presence of Father Ange Vignali. In the end, Napoleon, has been known as the little guy with a big ego and attitude. While physically he did not look the part of a great ruler, he will forever be known as one of the greatest conquerors of World History. His success on the battlefield has been taught and will continue to be taught for many years to come. Napoleon was able to grow into one of the greatest emperors of all time and rule over one of the most powerful empires of all time.

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Large system in social work Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Large system in social work - Assignment Example The varieties of the housing units in the city serve the mixed population that comprises the low, middle, and high-income social classes. Hence, Cleveland is an inclusive city for every citizen because the housing services are affordable. Cleveland is a business hub in the entire Ohio state. The city hosts corporate headquarters, banks, sales offices, major divisions, and affiliates. Given the strategic positioning and the natural attractions such as the Emerald Necklace, Cleveland Metro Parks Zoo, and Rocky River Reservation, the city thrives on tourism and hospitality industry. Major hotels and tourist resorts in the city include Radisson Hotel, The Westin Cleveland, and Wyndham Cleveland hotels. The facilities are a reflection of the vibrant business environment. Besides, Cleveland has magnificent shopping centers including the West Side Market, Pennello Gallery, and Old Arcade. The facilities give shoppers opportunities to explore a collection of present and historic commodities. In addition, Cleveland is home to finest manufacturing industries like Skylines Canvas and Kay Chemicals (Cleveland: Economy,

Wednesday, November 20, 2019

Unit 5 speer review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Unit 5 speer review - Essay Example Par 5, line 2 and 3: â€Å"This irony here is that the product was at first quite a disaster†. The sentence is unclear or rather ambiguous. Despite its weak construction, the irony being referred to is nonexistent. Par 5, line 3: â€Å"Sven Mattisson, the man behind the technology stated:..† The extra information â€Å"the man behind the technology† should have been enclosed with commas. Moreover, instead of the colon efore the direct quotation, a simple comma should have been used. So the sentence should look like: â€Å"Sven Mattisson, the man behind the technology, stated, â€Å"†¦Ã¢â‚¬ . The content is quite appealing. The introduction is organized and guides the reader throughout the essay by providing an ostensible road map. While the content is profound, little has been done on the development of the Bluetooth technology. The inclusion of the stepwise development of the technology would have bolstered the quality of the essay and the argument being

Monday, November 18, 2019

Evaluation model Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Evaluation model - Essay Example The sensitization will not only include educating the youth on ways of avoiding falling into addiction but will also be testing different models of ensuring the youth keep away from drug abuse. In addition to that, the program intents to implement models and techniques of breaking the cycle of youths addicted to drugs. The purpose and scope of the program is to identify the communities within Washington DC where drug abuse is prevalent and the incident rate for health related complications resulting from the addiction. The complications resulting from drug abuse will be identified and categorized. These effects will be grouped and assessed in the following categories; spiritual, emotional, mental, social and financial health. Drug abuse among the youths in Washington DC will be gauged on the basis of subpopulation within the city. This will be an attempt to help unearth communities where incidences of drug abuse are high. A detailed analysis of each subpopulation will proceed to determine its socioeconomic status, level of education, the rate of crime and access to drugs. The main that will be used in the third assessment of the communities is categorical socioeconomic status of the communities. This aspect will categorize the community in terms of the community with high socioeconomic status, the one in between and the one on the lower end of the socioeconomic status. This way, it would be easy for Discover Hope organization to come up with a hypothesis from the results that will draw a relationship between a community’s socioeconomic status, level of education and drug abuse. Using that criteria in assessing the relationship of drug and substance abuse within the communities, conclusive results will enable identification of the target community and Discover Hope will be in a position to roll out its program in the most effective way

Saturday, November 16, 2019

International Marketing and Digital Media

International Marketing and Digital Media Yanika Limbu, Deevanshu Sahni, Ravreet Kaur TACTICS, OPERATIONAL FACTORS, CUSTOMERS TARGETING AND OUTCOMES: Every business should have its perfect plan to achieve its goals. As for our company to sell our products in the China we are using social networking sites as one of the media to promote and sell our products. There are many social sites in the world and we are choosing those social networking which are famous in China. The social networking sites we are choosing as follows: WEBSITE: Firstly, we are promoting our products through our own Companys website where we will explain everything about products price, ingredients, usage and benefits. Nowadays, everyone use internet to search about new products in the market. So it is advantage for us to have our own website where we will keep posting about our new products arrival, promotion and discounts. As website is available for 24/7 so customers can easily get accessible from anywhere anytime therefore, it will help us to cover a wide range of market (kazdesignworks, 2016). Chinese women which age from 25 to 54 are our main customers as our product is related to beauty care. Like, as mentioned before website is easily available for everyone so our main target customers also fall under this category. They are from young to middle age women who are busy in their own life but with the help of website they can buy the product and no need to go to store. So, with the help of website we can know whether customers are interested in our product or not and are we achieving our goal. For that purposes, we can use different kinds of indicators like Google Analytics and Goal Conversion tracking which will help us to know how many customers have buy our products. In a same way, through Engagement metrics will help us to know that how many times customers are visiting our website. Therefore, if customers are visiting our website more frequently then we can say that they are interested in our products (yola, 2013). WECHAT: WeChat is one of the best platform for the cosmetic products sales in China as in 2015 it had user of 600 million in every month and it is still growing (Eggplantdigital, 2016). So, we can say that many Chinese people are using WeChat for the online shopping. We can set our own WeChat Shop through we can communicate with our potential customers where we can know customers buying habit. As well as, customers can ask questions about the products features and we can give answers for their queries. Nowadays, Chinese people are more interested in buying online rather than going store because its easy and simple with just one touch on the picture of the product (Dickson, 2015). According to the WeChat Impact Report, the users are ages from 18 to 35 so most of our target group are falls under this category (Mobile, 2016). So, users can look picture of our products and they can always give their feedback at any time. With the given feedback, we can improve our product according our customers demands. If our product is like by Chinese customers then they can spread the goods words and share experience with others. As a result, we will get good promotion and more new customers for the product. Likewise, we can offer users free sample and discount by encouraging them to be our member through WeChat shop. As mentioned before, this is a good platform for communicate with customers personally to know their opinions about the products. So, we can present some problems related to skin and ask the customers to give solution later we can select best one and give them rewards. Therefore, it will boost our sales and customers will be more curious about our products. Last but not least, the main benefit of using social media is online payment, like in WeChat there is also online payment which is very convenient and fast for customers (OKOMP, 2015). WEIBO: Another social media we choose to follow to promote and sale our product in China is Weibo which had 280 million user in 2013 that covers almost 45.5% of internet user (HKTDC, 2014). Therefore, it is used by almost everyone in China and it covers our target age group too. Like other social media, it also gives and shares information through video and post regarding new things like products, events and news to anyone. So, it will be great opportunity for us to reach many potential customers in China. We can post and update our product features on Weibo so that users can share the post to their friends and community. As a result, many people can know about our product and helps us to create product awareness in the market. According to Sina Weibo Data Center, with the help of incentives like discounts and gifts users who were not interested buying online products are willing to share the information to their friends and families by sharing the videos and posts (HKTDC, 2014). The refore, we can offer gifts certificate and discounts to attract user to share and promote our product through sharing the post to their friends and communities. Once we have regular customers, we can communicate with them more often and they can also leave their comment on the Weibo page. Customers can know our new arrival product or any special promotion through the Weibo page. According to the HKTDCs Survey on Chinas middle-class consumers, agree that I believe in the products recommended by people I follow on Weibo and WeChat and am interested in giving then a try (HKTDC, 2014). Thus, we can say that most of Chinas customers purchase the product how others gives review it like positive or negative through social media.

Wednesday, November 13, 2019

Essay --

INTERNATIONAL ACCOUNTING ASSIGNMENT Q.1) A brief history of the two organisations, and their objectives, in as far as theyrelate to accounting practices regionally and/or internationally, as necessary. A.1)1. EUROPEAN UNION (EU) The EU was initially formed in the mid 1940's to unite neighbouring nations developed to have a considerably more critical and important purpose. In 1957 the European Economic Community (EEC) was made to fabricate and incorporated economic market between the six establishing parts of the EU. The EEC was referred to a common market between the countries and over the time period more and more and more nations joined the EU, the EEC later got known as the European Community (EC). The EC turned into one of the primary mainstays of the EU and its point was to help make a local market between membered nations where there is an opportunity of transporting products and labour. As the amount of nations expanded the EU set directives for every nation to accompany to harmonise bookkeeping practices, these directives are listed below: ï  ¶ The endeavor to harmonise bookkeeping practices was by means of the issuing of directives ï  ¶ EU directives have the power of law and the member states are obliged to join the directives into their laws ï  ¶ They are trying to bind the member states, yet the outcomes that are accomplished are at the discretion of each member nations. ï  ¶ Two directives pointed at harmonising bookkeeping ï  ¶ The fourth directive of 1978 includescomprehensive bookkeeping standards for the individuals, and not for united records ïÆ'Ëœ Measurement (Valuation) guidelines, ïÆ'Ëœ The guidelines for the making of financial statements ïÆ'Ëœ Disclosure of data for both public and privately owned businesses ïÆ'Ëœ Establish the 'tr... ...combinations leading to the SEC removing the requirements for reconciliations CONCLUSION: The globalization is increasing in the world and the companies are going abroad to enter into new markets and capture new customers as well as the investors. The companies need to make accounts according to the new country and the investors need to study the financials of the company before investing into it. This is a problem as due to difference in the accounting standards are causing problems and hence.The financial reporting systems are converging, as international capital markets become more investor oriented since the investors now want to invest more in oversees and the globalization is increasing day by day there is an urgent need to make the accounting information comparable. The International Accounting Standards Board is at the center of the convergence movement now.

Monday, November 11, 2019

Choose one scene or incident Essay

Choose one scene or incident, which seems to you to be of crucial importance in the development of the play. Explain its importance and outline the dramatic consequences of decisions which are made or events which take place. Hamlet is a play which seems to me to have an incident of crucial importance which has dramatic consequences. This incident occurs in Act III, scene III, where the King Claudius is kneeling in thought, too guilty to pray to God. This provides Hamlet with the key opportunity to put an end to his procrastination and kill the King to seek revenge, yet Hamlet does not act. This inaction has many dramatic consequences, one of which eventually is Hamlet’s own death. From the outset, Hamlet has been conveyed as a fairly sensitive young adult, he is very indecisive and for much of the play, struggles between his duty and his conscience. Hamlet is a thinker, and this may in fact, have proved to be his downfall. He finds spontaneity impossible and tortures himself with his thoughts from Act I scene V, where his father tells him of his uncle’s actions and begs for revenge to be sought, until the final scene, where Hamlet finally takes action. Although depressed and upset about his father’s death and his mother’s hasty marriage, Hamlet is completely devastated by the news that his father’s ghost brings him. He was already angry at his mother and disliked his new step father as he saw him to not be fit for comparison with his father â€Å"So excellent a King, that was to this Hyperion to a satyr† This also shows just how high a regard he had for his father, he has obviously acquired this view of perfection where his father is concerned and we cannot help feeling that this must be exaggerated. Hamlet’s initial reaction to the news that his father was murdered was shock and then anger which soon turned into unease about what he should do. Hamlet wishes to seek revenge, but his nature makes this difficult, it simply is not in his nature to plot and kill someone in cold blood. So whilst struggling with this decision he removes himself from suspicion by feigning madness. During this time of thought (mostly during Act II) Hamlet becomes very depressed and moody, he also contemplates suicide on more than one occasion â€Å"To be or not to be† yet cannot tackle his conscious even for a decision over this. Hamlet then, becomes angered by the moving acting of a player, he finds fault in everything about himself and feels cowardly for not yet having taken any action. The only action to result from this is another plan which enables him to procrastinate even further. He decides that he cannot trust this ghost in case it is in fact an evil daemon and puts on a play to find the truth through his uncle’s reaction. This plan works and leads to the incident which could have changed the play entirely. Hamlet feels he cannot kill his uncle at this time, there is dramatic irony in that the reader knows that Claudius is in fact not at prayer, as he feels he cannot talk to God, so Hamlet has really been provided with the perfect opportunity to seek revenge for his father. Yet another reason Hamlet does not act may be the fact he was on his way to see his mother, At one time Hamlet had an incredibly close relationship with his mother, maybe he views trying to convert his mother as higher in priority than seeking revenge. Either way, Hamlet does not act and this leads to many dramatic consequences. Hamlet, then carries onto his mother’s chamber, still with the rage that he felt after the confirmation of his father’s murder. He then has an in depth talk with his mother. Hearing a noise which was made by Polonius who was spying on the conversation, Hamlet strikes without thinking and kills Polonius. Hamlet was able to act here due to the lack of time or thought to allow a conscience decision, this was not a premeditated murder like the one which his father’s ghost asked of him. Hamlet could not have possibly seen the effect that his actions would have. Ophelia, whom he had once cared for, and had also greatly upset during his time of feigning madness, was driven to despair by both the rejection of her lover and death of her father. She firstly went mad and then died as a result of it. She did not fully commit suicide but lost the will to strive to live. When Hamlet found out about Ophelia’s death he was overwhelmed with grief and guilt which he then turned into anger and fought with Laertes in Ophelia’s grave. The killing of Polonius also had a â€Å"knock on effect† with Laretes, he was already irate and vengeful because of his fathers murder, this was greatly heightened when he heard of his sister’s death. With this wish for revenge on Hamlet, Laertes played straight into the hands of Claudius and became nothing more than his pawn. Laertes had a completely different nature from Hamlet in that he found no qualms in acting instantly when he hears of his fathers murder, he had one aim and that is revenge â€Å"To cut his throat i’ the’ church† this contrasts greatly with Hamlet as he wouldn’t even kill Claudius when he suspected he was at prayer. The King hatched a plan to kill Hamlet, he couldn’t do this publicly as he was very popular with the subjects of Denmark. The duel scene is very dramatic and becomes the climax of the play, and this situation would never have been reached the point where practically everyone dies if Hamlet had simply used his opportunity in Act III scene III, and hadn’t hesitated.

Saturday, November 9, 2019

Free Essays on Salsa Music

SALSA MUSIC Have you ever wondered what â€Å"Salsa† is? The slight knowledge that some of you may have of it could have come from American movies and background music at some of our favorite Latin restaurants. The many instruments used are collaborated and fused together to make up some of the best rhythms in Latin music all together. Learning what each instrument is and how it sounds will aid anyone who wants to follow along to the tune of the music. In accordance with the tunes, the styles of salsa are also something that has to be comprehended and learned. Surprisingly, the whole beat and speed of salsa music has changed dramatically from yesterdays afro-Cuban to today’s Romantic style. Latin music its self, has always been an essential part of my families life. We never had to wait for a birthday party celebration or a holiday to enjoy music. It could be heard blaring on every Saturday morning as we all did our chores, or even on weekdays while we ate dinner. Because the style s of Salsa have evolved greatly since the time it originated to today, its popularity has gained tremendous recognition in many different cultures and countries around the world. Hopefully the new wave can open up many new traditions to families across the world as it did mine.... Free Essays on Salsa Music Free Essays on Salsa Music SALSA MUSIC Have you ever wondered what â€Å"Salsa† is? The slight knowledge that some of you may have of it could have come from American movies and background music at some of our favorite Latin restaurants. The many instruments used are collaborated and fused together to make up some of the best rhythms in Latin music all together. Learning what each instrument is and how it sounds will aid anyone who wants to follow along to the tune of the music. In accordance with the tunes, the styles of salsa are also something that has to be comprehended and learned. Surprisingly, the whole beat and speed of salsa music has changed dramatically from yesterdays afro-Cuban to today’s Romantic style. Latin music its self, has always been an essential part of my families life. We never had to wait for a birthday party celebration or a holiday to enjoy music. It could be heard blaring on every Saturday morning as we all did our chores, or even on weekdays while we ate dinner. Because the style s of Salsa have evolved greatly since the time it originated to today, its popularity has gained tremendous recognition in many different cultures and countries around the world. Hopefully the new wave can open up many new traditions to families across the world as it did mine....

Wednesday, November 6, 2019

Solution to cali ed crisis Essays - Susquehanna Valley, Free Essays

Solution to cali ed crisis Essays - Susquehanna Valley, Free Essays Solution to cali ed crisis The $1.4 billion of proposed cuts to California?s higher education have already prompted tuition increases in the UC, CSU, and community college systems, alongside mass layoffs and program cuts. Brown?s budget proposal freezes funding levels for kindergarten through high school (K-12). The unions and media have widely reported this as ?sparing? K-12 education, but the actual situation in schools shows that nothing has been ?spared.? Instead of desperately needed increases, Brown?s proposal will conditionally keep funding at current levels for the 2011-2012 school year. Due to increased attendance, a funding freeze results in lower amounts of spending per pupil. California is already ranked 47th in the nation in per pupil spending. If a set of regressive taxes are not approved by the voters, then billions will be cut from the already reeling education system. Perhaps most importantly, California?s schools will continue to decline even if ?spared,? as prior cuts continue to have their effect. Over the past three years $18 billion has been cut from California?s K-12 system. This has resulted in thousands of layoffs, increased class sizes, shortened school years, and either reduced or eliminated music and art programs. According to State Superintendent Torlakson, 58 percent of schools have cut educational materials, 48 percent have cut nursing and counseling staff, 35 percent have increased class sizes, and nearly half have reduced employee pay. Even with all these reductions, 174 out of 1,077 school districts will be insolvent within three years at the current level of funding. Unsurprisingly, these cuts have affected the districts covering low-income families the hardest. As state funding has dried up, schools have had to rely on local taxes or fundraising to maintain their programs and class sizes. As reported in the San Jose Mercury News, parents in the Cupertino Union School District managed to raise $2.5 million to keep student-teacher ratios at 20-1 for their youngest students. In districts where the community has not cobbled together enough to pick up the state?s slack, the ratio is routinely over 30-1. Beyond suffering more cuts, schools serving low-income communities have a higher proportion of inexperienced teachers, according to statistics gathered by the Center for the Future of Teaching and Learning (CFTL). Due to collective bargaining agreements with the teachers? unions, the last teachers hired are the first to be fired. During the current crisis, this has meant that in addition to suffering more cuts, poorer schools have had higher turnover rates as their low-seniority teachers are fired in greater numbers. This concentration of layoffs in poor communities reached an extreme pitch last year when over half the teachers at three middle schools in the Los Angeles area were laid off, sparking a case brought against the Los Angeles Unified School District by the American Civil Liberties Union. In one school, Liechty, a full 72 percent of the teachers received layoff notices.

Monday, November 4, 2019

Letter to school Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Letter to school - Essay Example We plan to remain in London for the next decade and thought that this would be an excellent opportunity to provide high quality education for our children. Our daughter Ekaterina will turn seven on June 3, 2013 and our son Mikhail will turn four on January 5, 2013. They are now attending the IB school in Kiev, Ukraine, with English as the medium of learning. Ekaterina has been studying in the English medium for the past three and a half years. She has taken up ballet and gymnastics. She is also learning to play the piano and has enrolled for artistic gymnastics at the school of a Ukrainian Olympic and World Champion in gymnastics. She also has a good aptitude for mathematics and science and she is interested in chess. Our son, Mikhail, has just started his IB program this September. He shows a high level of independence, adaptation and learning progress. My husband and I are both well educated and we believe that a good education helps a child more than anything else does. My husband and I have graduated from leading schools and universities in Moscow, Russia. We have also both acquired MBA degrees from INSEAD, one of the world’s top business schools. We completed the MBA degree from the campus in France and Singapore followed by an internship in Switzerland. My husband has worked with international advisory firms such as Price Waterhouse Coopers and McKinsey & Company. I have worked for Fleming Family & Partners private equity fund and I have served as a Director of Investments in one of the largest real estate investment and development companies in Ukraine. My husband holds positions on the boards of many large Ukrainian firms belonging to Mr. Rinat Akhmetov, one of the biggest entrepreneurs in Eastern Europe. We are eagerly waiting to settle down in London and enrol our children in a top educational institution like Eaton House Group of Schools. We give an assurance that all

Saturday, November 2, 2019

Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) Essay

Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) - Essay Example The research explains the following design approaches: First, constructivist’s approach applied allowed the researcher to understand the practices and processes in emergency departments. Furthermore, the paradigm provides realism of the shared research. Second, the thematic analysis used was to enhance the inductive nature of the research and make sense of the responses on perceptions. Group interviews provided the interactive opportunity for relations and shared meanings to manifest themselves. The researchers conducted interviews in sixteen hospitals to select the participating emergency nurses. The advertisement of the recruitment drive took place through posters. All participants were registered, nurses. Some of the criteria applied in the selection process include at least one-year experience in emergency wing. The setting of the study was justified in that the researchers got the approval from the local health district research ethics committee. Data collection was accor ding to the National Health and Medical Council. Each participant filled a consent form. Prior to participation, the participants familiarized themselves with aims of the study. It is clear because there was the use of semi-structured open-ended questions. The lead researcher conducted the focus group interviews. Morgan’s 1997 guide for developing feedback was used within the focus groups. That is, covering the relevant topics, providing specific data, fostering interaction, and considering the personal context.