Journeying Business Models Sustainability -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Journeying Business Models Sustainability? Answer: Introducation Communication serves as one of the important parameters of effective business policies and procedures. The communication can be divided into a number of following types such as- verbal communication, non-verbal communication, active listening etc. The business communication consists of the guidelines using which the employees, management and administration interact for reaching the organizational goals. In the current assignment, a number of communication tools have been used for diagnosis, which helps in analysing the strengths and gaps of the different communication patterns. In order to make the business communication effective a number of steps could be undertaken such as the establishment of a hierarchy, use of visual communication for interaction, etc. As commented by Bovee, Thill Raina (2016), effective face to face communication helps in resolution of issues in much shorter time. Communication serves as the organising element within the business context and helps in learning about the organizational goals. In this respect, the Shannon-weavers model of communication can be used in order to explain the physical process of communication. Here, an information source encodes a message which is transmitted via a channel to the decoder. However as argued by Holmes Parker (2017), the message does not reach the decoder in its intact form as it is disrupted by several barriers within the communication channel. The theory of non-verbal expectations theory could be further divided into positive and negative violations. It has been seen that positive violations produce an approved behaviour outcome. The non-verbal communication proposes an effective exchange of information through the use of proxemics, kinesics and paralanguage. The proxemics promotes communication through the use of space and distance, whereas the kinesics places more importance upon the use of appropriate body posture and orientation along with friendly facial gestures. Additionally, active listening is another parameter which helps in enhancing the communication aspect within a business organization. The listening process can be divided into six major steps such as receiving, attending, interpreting, evaluating, responding and remembering. Thesis statement: Analysing effective business communication styles through diagnostic tests Discussion of communication tools result For understanding the aspect of communication better a number of tests had been conducted and the scores computed for arriving at the strengths and weaknesses of the communication process. Some of the tests which had been conducted over here are self-perceived communication competence scale (SPCC), personal report of intercultural communication apprehension (PRICA), talkaholic scale, personal report of personal speaking anxiety (PRPSA), non-verbal immediacy scale self-report (NIS-S). Therefore, retrospection and analysis of the scores would help in finding out the personal loopholes of gaps in the communication process. I have received a score of 98.66 in the SPCC parameter which means that I am sufficiently competent to speak in a variety of situations. However, I have received the lowest score for talking in a large meeting of strangers. This could be due to public speaking anxiety or difficulty to process and express my thoughts clearly amidst a large group of people. My overall scores lie within the range of 90-99; which indicates high SPCC. However, the sub-scores I have arrived are the lowest with respect to talking to a Stanger, whereas the scores are sufficiently high for talking to a known person (Refer to appendix 1). The second communication assessment which I had undergone was the personal report intercultural communication apprehension (PRICA) test, which measures the apprehensions one feels in communicating with people from different race cultural backgrounds. In this respect, the difference in language and cultural beliefs serve as major communication hindrances. I have received a score of 32 after adding up the sub-scores from different parameters of the PRICA assessment. The scores could lie between 14-70. The scores below 32 reflect low intercultural communication apprehension. From my personal reflection through the assessment results I have found that I have found that I low intercultural communication apprehension and that I am relatively comfortable in communicating with people from different cultural races and backgrounds. However, I have rated myself neutral on the prospect of interacting confidently with people from different cultural backgrounds. This is could be attributed to lang uage and perception differences. As commented by Holmes Parker (2017), language serves an important medium of communications which if erroneously decoded could lead to communication gaps (Refer to appendix 2). The third assessment undertaken over here was rating oneself on the talkaholic scale. A like yard scale was used for the assessment where the rating was done on a scale of 1 to 5. Here 1 refers to strongly disagree; 2=disagree; 3=neutral; 4=agree; 5=strongly agree. Therefore, summing up the scores from different questions asked under the assessment I received a score of 29. Though, my score does not fall within the range of borderline compulsive talkers I might have a tendency towards developing that. I think talking less and listening more in some of the situations would help me develop an effective bond of understanding with my peers (Refer to appendix 3). The fourth assessment taken by me was personal report of public speaking anxiety (PRPSA). The test has an alpha estimate of more than 90 and is highly reliable. Undertaking the test helped me focus on my individual areas of strengths and weaknesses. I generally feel nervous and anxiety initially during preparing for a public speech. However, once I get into the process thee enjoy the experience and it gets easier for me. Additionally, I also get nervous if I am asked questions pertaining to the areas of my topic I am not well aware of. As commented by Bargiela-Chiappini Nickerson (2014), developing an outright clear conception regarding the topic of the speech can help in coping up with the public speaking anxiety. (Refer to appendix 4) The last diagnostic measurement which was undertaken by me was non-verbal immediacy scale self-report (NIS-S). The scale helps in measurement of positive behaviour and responses towards another person. The alpha reliability estimates for the test is expected to be around 90. I found the method more reliable and valid compared to the prior assessments as the particular test uses more diverse range of questions to analyse the approach and behaviour of an individual towards others. The values generated in the report are statistically significant and socially significant in differentiating between male and females. That is the females are functionally more articulate and expressive than their male counterparts with regards to non-verbal communication (Cardon Marshall, 2015). However, as argued by Bargiela-Chiappini Nickerson (2014), the reports may vary depending on the social situation and the internal nature of the person. I did moderately well in the NIS-S test where I received a s core of 107. However, I rated myself on the neutral side based upon some of the aspects of the assessment. For example, I maintain a close distance or sufficient vocal animations while interacting with people only under specific situations. Therefore, I initiate my communication responses based on the stimulus received (Refer to appendix 5). Communication issues From the analysis of the scores received in the different diagnostic interventions, I could interpret that I was slightly low on confidence in speaking amongst a large group of strangers. Additionally, I have received a score of 29 which is only one less than 30, which means that I could have a tendency for the development of borderline talking. In some of my recent interactions over the last 12 months, I have felt that I need to develop a strong control and a sense of confidence in my interactions with others. Reflection In the last month, during the lecture delivery session of my special seminar, I had felt very anxious and apprehensive as I had to face a huge number of people including my professors and fellow students. I was very hesitant initially to start talking over the presentation. However, once started with the process I could gather sufficient courage and confidence to continue with the process. However, I was very anxious regarding the question and answer sessions which were about to take place after my presentation delivery. This made me develop certain restlessness and as a result, I had a very hurried approach during my presentation session. For one of my internship programmes, I had to appear for an interview before an entire boardroom full of professors. I was asked number of interview questions related to my knowledge regarding the subject, practical knowledge, general knowledge. At times I was also asked a number of abstract questions which were just to test my perception in general. I felt that I should have been more precise in my conversation. Some of the questions asked to me needed little or no explanation. However, I think talking unnecessarily shifted the focus from the main question and resulted in me scoring fewer marks. Discussion of the identified communication issues The diagnostic tools and intervention methods helped in the analysis of the communication gaps. I had public speaking anxiety along with slight borderline talkaholic nature. The fear and anxiety of talking to a crowd of strangers could be explained with the help of several theories. As commented by Wang, Pauleen Zhang (2016), the moment an individual is asked to speak in front of a huge crowd of strangers, anxiety enters in the mind of the person. Public speaking triggers the ability to pick up on angry faces (Cardon Marshall, 2015). As argued by Bargiela-Chiappini Nickerson (2014), the responses elicited in the participants is different which is further guided by different levels of exposure. The confidence to speak in front of a huge crowd is often guided by the amount of subjective knowledge possessed by individuals which further gives them a positive boost to speak. Hence, I will need to research well through my topics well before presentation of the subject matter in front of a crowd of strangers. This will help me in coping up with a public speaking anxiety. However as argued by Jin, Liu Austin (2014), the anxious participants are more sensitive to the angry images of the crowd rather than the happy or the neutral ones. The fear initiated by public speaking often produces a varied range of symptoms in the speaker such as drying of the mouth, rapid heartbeat, etc (Cardon Marshall, 2015). However, through gradual exposure and adaptability over time the levels of stress could be reduced. This causes the psychological state anxiety to decrease by a process called habituation. However, as argued by Zheltukhina et al. (2017), through the causative factors of the stress is removed an increased level if sensitization can nullify the happy or the positive surrounding images. Additionally, I have received near most borderline talkaholic scores which are also a matter of concern. I also think I have the tendency of becoming a compulsive talker depending on the situation and the stimulus. As commented by Dulek Campbell (2015), the tendency to speak more on certain occasions could stem out of social anxiety. The compulsive talking either stems out from the inability to manage the burden bestowed by particular situations or from deep-seated emotions of insecurity. The compulsive talking has been related to signs of mental restlessness and often makes the listener confused (Lehmann-Willenbrock, Beck Kauffeld, 2016). Over talking in situations which do not need much explanation may not be in the best interest of the speaker. As commented by Varner Varner (2014), borderline talkaholics to compulsive talkers often depict a sign of supremacy in their behaviour, which could be attributed to their position within the organization. Therefore, in order to cope with the compulsion for talking I will need to focus more on the pathos aspect which will also help me in understanding as well as analysing the thought process of the listeners. Models of business communication The aspect of effective business communication could be described with the help of several network models. Some of the communication models are chain network model, wheel network, circle network, Y network. Depending upon the model of communication followed the success of an organization is guaranteed. In the centralized chain network, the information passes from the top to the bottom of the network. As commented by Cornelissen Cornelissen (2017), the individual level of satisfaction is moderate over here. However, much of the information sharing and task allotment under this model of communication is guided by the organizational ethos and does little to incorporate the self-interests or the desires of the workers. The wheel network, on the other hand, shows little or no relation with the different components within an organization. At this level, the employees are supposed to work more depending on their individual levels of expertise. As argued by Dulek Campbell (2015), this aspect communication is in accordance with the laissez-faire model. In the lack of responsibility taking, the production of the organization is severely hampered as guidance in the form of effective communication from the leaders is missing over here. In decentralization communication network all the members of the group have access to the same number of communication channels. The equal distribution of resources ensures that effective information is being transmitted to different channels which will help in addressing the communication gaps. In my opinion adoption of the decentralization, network would help in ensuring high productivity within the business contexts. Conceptual and behavioural skills for developing competence in communication The communication aspects with reference to a business organization could be further explained with the help of a number of theories. Some of these are the face negotiation theory, group decision emergence theory. Cross-cultural communication is one of the important aspects of a business organization (Serban et al., 2016). An organization is managed by people from different cultural background and races. As commented by Marcel (2015), cultural faith and beliefs further shape the behavioural and communication aspects of an individual. Therefore, adoption of a friendly body language could help me in bridging the communication gap interaction with a group of strangers. In this respect, a number of theories could be elaborated for better understanding the aspects of organizational communication. The face negotiation theory could be explained over here, which places facial expression at the centre, for commuting value to an individual. As mentioned by Darics (2015), social image of an ind ividual is shaped up by the amount or the nature of facial expressions transmitted by them. The external social face maintained by an individual depicts their position, power and recognition within the society and their place of work (Fulmer Ostroff, 2016). One of the prime themes of the face negotiation theory is the facework interaction strategy. It is the communicative behaviour people use to protect the face of their own selves or others or damage the face value of others for their own self-interests (Zheltukhina et al., 2017). The facework could be further divided into positive and restorative facework. The preventive facework is the type of communication adopted by an individual to prevent their own face value in their place of work. The communication pattern in preventive facework is measured in its approach; where one shows sufficient apprehension in speaking with people or public in general (Darics, 2015). The restorative framework could be explained with the help of compu lsive behaviour projection by an individual often in terms of excess talking (Mikkelson, York Arritola, 2015). Therefore, the face negotiation theory could be related to my present state of communication issues. Similarly, Fishers groups decision emergence theory could be explained over here in order to understand the aspect of decision making within a business context. The decision-making process is established through a number of steps such as orientation, conflict, emergence and re-enforcement. The orientation phase is where the team members interact for the first time, therefore, generally depict low level of trust (De los Rios-Carmenado, Lopez Garcia, 2015). As commented by Moshiri Cardon (2014), the orientation phase often generates a feeling of social anxiety within an individual. However, placing the interest of the group above individual interests can help me in developing an effective bond with my teammates. Additionally, the interpersonal communication skills play a crucial role in the business communicative process. As commented by Daneshgari Moore (2016), the pattern of body language depicted by an individual within the communication process often depicts the kind of speaker they are. In this respect, a positive and outgoing nature will help me in approaching my peers or receive help from them in problem areas. It will also help me in conflict management and resolve the issues of the clients by identifying their needs or requirements. The communication styles can be further described based on the types of assertive, passive or aggressive speaker. The communication channel could be divided into intrapersonal communication, interpersonal communication, organizational and cross-cultural communication. It is very important that the ethical aspects of communication are kept intact during the organizational processes (Raina Roebuck, 2016). In order to communicate better within a business surrounding, I need to adopt an assertive communicative behaviour. The assertive behaviour will help me in standing up for myself and my peers within the organization. A positive and balanced approach to communication will help me in coping up with the public speaking anxiety and also deliver my message clearly and concisely. It will help me in solving my work-related problems by communicating effectively with the management. Action plan The communication pattern in an individual is guided by a number of factors such as the type of environmental stimulus that the person is subjected to, which initiates active communication within an individual. Additionally, the kind of speaker that an individual is further governs their communication patterns (Roome Louche, 2016). In this respect, an active and assertive speaker is supposed to communicate more freely and openly within an organizational process (Tuleja, 2016). However, ineffective orientation processes along with passive workplace sledging have been seen to produce negative impact upon the psychological well being of an individual (DeFleur DeFleur, 2016). The orientation process is the first step towards becoming a part of the organization where the employees are briefed regarding their prospective roles in the organization along with making them an integral part of the work culture. As commented by Berson, Halevy, Shamir Erez (2015), based on the success of the orientation process the newly recruited employee develops the motivation to contribute to the work culture of the organization. In both the situations, passive or less speaking within a group of strangers or excessive talking stems out of social speaking anxiety (Raina Roebuck, 2016). As commented by Braithwaite, Suter Floyd (2017), mental conditioning can help in coping up with the public speaking anxiety. Additionally, developing a clear idea regarding the topic can also help in removing the fear or anxiety from the minds of the people. The audience should be perceived in a more positive manner and one should reflect upon the happy or the neutral faces more while public s peaking rather than simply focus upon the frowning faces (Fito-Bertran, Hernandez-Lara, Lpez, 2015). As supported by Wirtz, Pistoia, Ullrich Gttel ( 2016), analysing the audience can help in understanding the level and the amount of information possessed by them on a certain topic. As commented by Wieland, Hartmann Vargo (2017), the Aristotelian aspects of communication place more importance upon the inculcation of logos within the process of communication. The logos aspect gives more emphasis to the presentation of knowledge through sufficient research and analysis. The development of a demographic knowledge regarding the target audience can help in the presentation of the matter more precisely relating to the problem situation of the target audience (Shields et al., 2015). The communication process within a business organization can be further developed based on Monroes motivated sequence. The Monroes motivated sequence emphasises the use of backup material for supporting a claim made during group meetings (Veit et al., 2014). This is in accordance with the aspect of supporting the facts through statistics. Attributes 1-2 weeks 3-5 weeks 6-11 weeks 12-17 weeks 18-20 weeks 21-24 weeks Identification of the communication issues Development of SMART goals for addressing the communication issues (individual /group) Participation in group assignments Receiving feedback on individual performance from assessors Reflection on individual strengths/weaknesses Drafting of effective communication goals (individual /organizational) Table 1: Gantt chart (Source: author) An action plan has been designed for troubleshooting the active communication areas. Some of the communication areas which need intervention are assertive speaking, excelling the aspects of non-verbal communication along with developing active listening skills. As mentioned by van Ginkel, Gulikers, Biemans Mulder (2015) assertive speaking along with the use of friendly gestures for communicating with fellow workers within an organization can help in resolving situations of conflict or dispute. The non-verbal communication, on the other hand, provides more emphasis upon the use of a friendly body language for initiating conversation with others within a business organization. Therefore, the display of an agonic non-verbal style which focuses less on giving reassurance to the employee in an organization and more upon displaying power can upset the positive culture prevalent within an organization. The nonverbal communication can be further explained with the help of the expectations violations theory. As mentioned by Drucker (2017), the behaviour and approach of one individual can hurt the emotional anticipation of the other. As mentioned by Bovee et al. (2016), the non-verbal messages are the key to the development of effective social relationships which helps in the promoting the work culture within an organization. As commented by Cardon Marshall (2015), egocentrism can serve as a major barrier to active listening. 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